Stack

Methods and tools — from molecular biology to clinical imaging.

Molecular

Methods
RNAscope, Immunofluorescence
Tools
Confocal microscopy, image analysis pipelines

Mapping gene expression and protein localization in skull base synchondroses.

3D Imaging

Methods
Whole-mount LightSheet Fluorescent Microscopy
Tools
Tissue clearing protocols, Imaris, Fiji/ImageJ

Volumetric visualization of synchondrose architecture in developing mouse skulls.

Biomechanics

Methods
Ex vivo mechanical stimulation
Tools
Custom culture rigs, force measurement, analysis software

Investigating mechanical response of skull base cartilage under controlled loading.

Clinical Atlas

Methods
Human skull base atlas (fetal → end of growth)
Tools
CT/CBCT imaging, 3D Slicer, statistical shape analysis

Building a reference atlas of synchondrose morphology across development, in control and achondroplasia.